Thallium
Electron Configuration: 2,8,18,32,18,3
Enthalpy of Fusion (kJ mol-1): 4.31
Enthalpy of Vaporisation (kJ mol-1): 166.1
Atomic Radii
Atomic Radius 190 pm
Bohr Radius 156 pm
Covalent Radius 148 pm
Van der Waals 196 pm
Oxidation States
Main Tl+1
Other Tl+3
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) show graph
M - M+ 589.3
M+ - M2+ 1971
M2+ - M3+ 2878
M3+ - M4+ 4900
M4+ - M5+ 6100
M5+ - M6+ 8300
M6+ - M7+ 9500
M7+ - M8+ 11300
M8+ - M9+ 1400
M9+ - M10+ 16000
Covalent Bonds (kJ mol-1)
Tl+1-H 185
Tl+3-C 125
Tl+3-O 375
Tl+3-F 460
Tl+3-Cl 368
Tl-Tl 63