Phosphorus
Electron Configuration: 2,8,5
Enthalpy of Fusion (kJ mol-1): 2.51 (white)
Enthalpy of Vaporisation (kJ mol-1): 51.9 (white)
Atomic Radii
Atomic Radius 100 pm
Bohr Radius 98 pm
Covalent Radius 106 pm
Van der Waals 180 pm
Oxidation States
Main P+5
Other P-3, P-2, P0, P+2, P+3
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) show graph
M - M+ 1011.7
M+ - M2+ 1903.2
M2+ - M3+ 2912
M3+ - M4+ 4956
M4+ - M5+ 6273
M5+ - M6+ 21268
M6+ - M7+ 25397
M7+ - M8+ 29854
M8+ - M9+ 35867
M9+ - M10+ 40958
Covalent Bonds (kJ mol-1)
P-H 328
P-O 407
P=O 560
P-F 490
P-Cl 319
P-P 209