Discovery Information
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Who: Known to the ancients. |
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Name Origin
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Latin: plumbum. |
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Sources
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Lead occurs rarely in nature. The main lead mineral is galena (PbS) (which is 86.6% lead). Lead is also found in ore with
zinc, silver and (most abundantly) copper.
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Uses
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Used in solder, as a colouring agent in ceramic glazes (red and yellow), shielding against radiation, roofing, in (lead-acid)
batteries and ammunition.
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Lead is used in some candles to treat the wick to ensure a longer, more even burn. Because of the dangers, European and North
American manufacturers use more expensive alternatives such as zinc.
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Notes
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Lead is extremely toxic, but its effects are accumulative and most often develop after extended exposure. Lead affects the
nervous system, causing mental retardation or other nervous disorders. It also affects other organs of the body. People suffering
from lead poisoning may exhibit weakness, general disability, nervous disorders and eventual death. Children are most susceptible,
partly because they have rapid metabolism and are small and partly because of their habits. They chew on things that might
contain lead paint and play on floors and ground that might be contaminated, often putting their fingers in their mouth.
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Lead is a poisonous metal that can damage nervous connections and cause blood and brain disorders. A classic example of lead
poisoning occurred in the early 1900's, but the cause of death was only recently determined. A large number of explorer families
traveled to Alaska. The guide who escorted them contacted many different suppliers for provisions. He got a really good deal
on canned food that he couldn't refuse. They set out on their journey and were never heard from again. Searchers never found
any survivors. Years later someone decided to find out what happened. Bodies were found along with provisions. As it turned
out, the cans had been sealed with lead solder. All of the human remains were very high in lead content. They had, in fact,
all died of lead poisoning.
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